Optogenetic techniques have been developed to allow control over the activity of selected
cells within a highly heterogeneous tissue, using a combination of genetic engineering and …

Optogenetic actuators enable highly precise spatiotemporal interrogation of biological
processes at levels ranging from the subcellular to cells, circuits and behaving organisms …

We developed a flexible two-photon microendoscope (2P-FENDO) capable of all-optical
brain investigation at near cellular resolution in freely moving mice. The system performs fast …

Light-based neuromodulation systems offer exceptional spatiotemporal resolution combined
with the elimination of physical tether to communicate with neurons. Currently, optical …

The locus coeruleus (LC)-noradrenergic system is the main source of noradrenaline in the
central nervous system and is involved intensively in modulating pain and stress-related …

Fiber photometry is a key technique for characterizing brain-behavior relationships in vivo.
Initially, it was primarily used to report calcium dynamics as a proxy for neural activity via …

Optogenetic methods provide efficient cell-specific modulations, and the ability of
simultaneous neural activation and inhibition in the same brain region of freely moving …

Optogenetics, a field concentrating on controlling cellular functions by means of light-
activated proteins, has shown tremendous potential in neuroscience. It possesses superior …

Mice display signs of fear when neurons that express cFos during fear conditioning are
artificially reactivated. This finding gave rise to the notion that cFos marks neurons that …

Parvalbumin is a calcium-binding protein present in inhibitory interneurons that play an
essential role in regulating many physiological processes, such as intracellular signaling …