Biological membranes are tricky to investigate. They are complex in terms of molecular
composition and structure, functional over a wide range of time scales, and characterized by …

The biological diversity of the unicellular bacteria—whether assessed by shape, food,
metabolism, or ecological niche—surely rivals (if not exceeds) that of the multicellular …

The ongoing escalation of drug-resistant bacteria creates the leading challenges for human
health. Current predictions show that deaths due to bacterial illness will be more in …

Molecular biologists and chemists alike have long sought to modify proteins with
substituents that cannot be installed by standard or even advanced genetic approaches. We …

Gram-positive bacteria use sortase cysteine transpeptidase enzymes to covalently attach
proteins to their cell wall and to assemble pili. In pathogenic bacteria sortases are potential …

The surface of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria contains long hair-like
proteinaceous protrusion known as pili or fimbriae. Historically, pilin proteins were …

The biological functions of bacteriophage virions come down to the solution of three basic
problems: to provide protection of viral nucleic acid from the factors of extracellular …

Bacterial cell wall synthesis is the target for some of our most powerful antibiotics and has
thus been the subject of intense research focus for more than 50 years. Surprisingly, we still …

Bacteria are widely distributed and play an important role in soil carbon (C) cycling. The
impact of soil bacterial diversity on soil C storage has been well established, yet little is …

Nosocomial infections are quite common in medical facilities environment and the highest
percentage is caused by bacteria. The transmission of such infections is often made by …