HIV persistence in the CNS despite antiretroviral therapy may cause neurological disorders
and poses a critical challenge for HIV cure. Understanding the pathobiology of HIV-infected …

Despite four decades of research into the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), a
successful strategy to eradicate the virus post-infection is lacking. The major reason for this …

Introduction Survival among people with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM)
remains low, particularly among women, despite the currently optimal use of antifungal …

Variety of HIV-1 viral proteins including HIV-1 Nef are known to activate astrocytes and
microglia in the brain and cause the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which is thought …

As a popular psychostimulant, methamphetamine (METH) use leads to long-lasting, strong
euphoric effects. While METH abuse is common in the general population, between 10 and …

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes severe economic loss in the pig industry
each year. To better understand the relationship between cytokines and PEDV replication, in …

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy usually shows only mild symptoms
and is frequently subclinical. However, it can be vertically transmitted to the fetus, causing …

Abstract HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains a persistent problem
despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), largely a result of continued inflammation in the …

The synergy between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus-1
(HIV-1) interferes with therapy and facilitates the pathogenesis of both human pathogens …

The identification of inflammatory markers in HIV+ individuals on ART is fundamental since
chronic ART-controlled HIV infection is linked to an increased inflammatory state. In this …