Aquaporins (AQPs) play critical physiological roles in water balance in the central nervous
system (CNS). Aquaporin-4 (AQP4), the principal aquaporin expressed in the CNS, has …

Pain, especially chronic pain, has always been a heated point in both basic and clinical
researches since it puts heavy burdens on both individuals and the whole society. A better …

Chronic pain is a widespread debilitating condition affecting millions of people worldwide.
Although several pharmacological treatments for relieving chronic pain have been …

Background and Purpose The histaminergic system is a promising target for the
development of new analgesics, as histamine H3 and H4 receptors are expressed in …

Background and Purpose Misuse of opioids has greatly affected our society. One potential
solution is to develop analgesics that act at targets other than opioid receptors. These can …

The development of new strategies for the treatment of acute pain requires the identification
of novel nonopioid receptor targets. This study explored whether δ-subunit-containing …

Background: Ecto-5-nucleotidase (NT5E, also known as CD73) hydrolyzes extracellular
adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine in nociceptive circuits. Since …

Numerous pain-producing (pronociceptive) receptors signal via phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-
bisphosphate (PIP 2) hydrolysis. However, it is currently unknown which lipid kinases …

Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors allow for site-specific and time-dependent genetic
manipulation of neurons. However, for successful implementation of AAV vectors, major …

With an ever-expanding need for reliable therapeutic agents that are highly effective and
exhibit minimal deleterious side effects, a greater understanding of the mechanisms …