Animal and plant immune systems use intracellular nucleotide-binding oligomerization
domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) to detect pathogens, resulting in the activation of …

Plants and pathogens constantly adapt to each other. As a consequence, many members of
the plant immune system, and especially the intracellular nucleotide-binding site leucine …

Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) detect pathogen
effectors to trigger immune responses. Indirect recognition of a pathogen effector by the …

Highlights•NLRs may have evolved from singletons to pairs and networks.•Assembly of
immunoreceptor complexes is associated with NLR activation.•NLR (mis) regulation …

Plants have evolved multiple defense strategies to cope with pathogens, among which plant
immune signaling that relies on cell‐surface localized and intracellular receptors takes …

Factors including climate change and increased global exchange are set to escalate the
prevalence of plant diseases, posing an unprecedented threat to global food security and …

Plant nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors recognize avirulence
effectors directly through their integrated domains (IDs) or indirectly via the effector-targeted …

Plant diseases caused by pathogens and pests are a constant threat to global food security.
Direct crop losses and the measures used to control disease (eg application of pesticides) …

Plants rely on multiple immune systems to protect themselves from pathogens. When pattern-
triggered immunity (PTI)—the first layer of the immune response—is no longer effective as a …

Plant nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat domain proteins (NLRs) are immune
sensors that recognize pathogen effectors. Here, we show that molecular engineering of the …