The act of nonmedical switching, defined as switching stable patients who are generally
doing well with their current therapy from an originator biologic to its biosimilar, has been …

In 2019, the Chinese government implemented the first round of the National Centralized
Drug Procurement (NCDP) pilot (so-called “4+ 7” policy) in mainland China, in which 25 …

Background and Aims: Improving global health requires making current and future drugs
more effective and affordable. While healthcare systems around the world are faced with …

Brand-name medicines have dominated the Portuguese market for several decades with
unquestionable exclusivity. This resulted particularly from the absence of a requirement of …

The development of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapies has transformed the care of
patients with immunemediated diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) …

Volume-based drug purchasing by China's health insurance system currently represents the
largest group purchasing organization worldwide. After exchanging the market that …

Generic drugs were instituted in 1984 in the United States. Since that time, many studies
have been conducted in several countries into consumer attitude and behavior when …

Background Generic medicines have been associated with less perceived efficacy and more
side effects compared to brand name drugs. Educational interventions to improve …

In an era of cost pressure, substituting generic drugs represents one of the main cost-
containment strategies of healthcare systems. Despite the obvious financial benefits, in a …

Background Community pharmacies are easily accessible outlets providing medicines to the
general public in Nepal, but it is known that irrational dispensing of antibiotics from such …