Mounting evidence has firmly established that low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)
are associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, and mortality …

Objective To systematically review the evidence of pre-operative exercise, known as
'prehabilitation', on peri-and postoperative outcomes in adult surgical populations. Design …

Eight years have passed since the publication of the only guideline on cardiac rehabilitation
(CR) in Japan,“Guidelines for rehabilitation in patients with cardiovascular disease (JCS …

Objective: To summarize the current evidence on the effects of preoperative exercise
therapy in patients awaiting invasive surgery on postoperative complication rate and length …

Background Placebo effects contribute substantially to outcome in most fields of medicine.
While clinical trials typically try to control or minimize these effects, the potential of placebo …

Background Early mobilisation is prescribed after cardiac surgery to prevent postoperative
complications, decrease length of hospital stay, and augment return to daily activities …

Background Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) have an impact on the recovery
of adults after surgery. It is therefore important to establish whether preoperative respiratory …

Background Evidence suggests that elective cardiac patients are at risk of functional and
psychological deterioration in the time preceding surgery. This poses a risk to successful …

The type of intermittent claudication for which exercise training is recommended in the
present guidelines is ischemic claudication due to chronic obstruction of peripheral arteries …

Background Individualised risk prediction is crucial if targeted pre-operative risk reduction
strategies are to be deployed effectively. Radiologically determined sarcopenia has been …