Mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is largely a consequence of
cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is a particular concern given the increasing prevalence of …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most debilitating chronic diseases worldwide, with
increased prevalence and incidence. In addition to its macrovascular damage, through its …

The concept of cell signaling in the context of nonenzyme-assisted protein modifications by
reactive electrophilic and oxidative species, broadly known as redox signaling, is a uniquely …

Efficient therapies for diabetic kidney disease (DKD), now the leading cause of kidney
failure, are lacking. One hallmark of DKD is sterile inflammation (inflammation in absence of …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterised by chronic low-grade inflammation,
recently referred to as 'metaflammation', a relevant factor contributing to the development of …

The Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor or nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2)
transcription factor is a key player in cytoprotection and activated in stress conditions caused …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has reached pandemic proportions and effective prevention
strategies are wanted. Its onset is accompanied by cellular distress, the nuclear factor …

Tubulointerstitial inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy
(DN). Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is the key proinflammatory cytokine associated with …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is currently the leading cause of end-stage renal disease
globally. Given the increasing incidence of diabetes, many experts hold the view that DN will …

It is now increasingly appreciated that inflammation is not limited to the control of pathogens
by the host, but rather that sterile inflammation which occurs in the absence of viral or …