The basal position of fish in vertebrate phylogeny makes them very attractive for genomic
and functional comparative immunity studies. Adaptive immunity arose early in vertebrate …

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a gene dense region found in all jawed
vertebrates examined to date. The MHC contains a high percentage of immune genes, in …

Although jawless vertebrates are apparently capable of adaptive immune responses, they
have not been found to possess the recombinatorial antigen receptors shared by all jawed …

Animal immune systems can be classified into those of innate immunity and those of
adaptive immunity. It is generally thought that the former are universal for all animals and …

The senior author of this comprehensive review observed and reported in 1969 that his
lymphocytes killed allogeneic tumor cells in vitro. Some of his research associates and …

Abstract Background The ovine Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) harbors clusters of
genes involved in overall resistance/susceptibility of an animal to infectious pathogens …

Identification of inhibitory killer Ig-like receptor (KIR) genes and their cognate human
leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I ligands in donor–recipient pairs for patients undergoing …

Although the origins of genes encoding the rearranging binding receptors remain obscure, it
is predicted that their ancestral forms were nonrearranging immunoglobulin-type domains …

Immunologists view innate immunity as evolution's ancient host response to infectious
agents. Unlike vertebrates, in which antibodies and T-cell subsets rely on somatic mutations …

Many components of the innate immune system in vertebrates can be reliably traced to
urochordates and successful strategies for the detection and elimination of pathogens are …