Doxorubicin (DOX) is a powerful and commonly used chemotherapeutic drug, used alone or
in combination in a variety of cancers, while it has been found to cause serious cardiac side …

Neuronal dysfunction initiates several intracellular signaling cascades to release different
proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as various reactive oxygen species. In …

Background Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental illnesses in the US and are
estimated to consume one-third of the country's mental health treatment cost. Although …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuro-autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorder leading to
chronic inflammation, demyelination, axonal, and neuronal loss in the central nervous …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that recognize pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damaged-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and …

Barley grass powder is the best functional food that provides nutrition and eliminates toxins
from cells in human beings; however, its functional ingredients have played an important …

The central nervous system, once thought to be a site of immunological privilege, has since
been found to harbour immunocompetent cells and to communicate with the peripheral …

GABA and GABAA-receptors (GABAA-Rs) play major roles in neurodevelopment and
neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). There has been a growing …

In contrast to other diseases that go along with spasticity (eg spinal cord injury), spasticity in
chronic autoimmune diseases involving the CNS is complicated by the ongoing damage of …

Dysregulation of auto-reactive T cells and autoantibody-producing B cells and excessive
inflammation are responsible for the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases …