[HTML][HTML] Understanding kratom use: a guide for healthcare providers

MT Swogger, KE Smith, A Garcia-Romeu… - Frontiers in …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth., Rubiaceae) is a plant native to Southeast Asia, where it
has been used for centuries as a mild stimulant and as medicine for various ailments. More …

[HTML][HTML] Kratom—pharmacology, clinical implications, and outlook: a comprehensive review

SC Eastlack, EM Cornett, AD Kaye - Pain and therapy, 2020 - Springer
Kratom, or Mitragyna, is a tropical plant indigenous to Southeast Asia, with unique
pharmacological properties. It is commonly consumed by preparing the leaves into …

[HTML][HTML] Chemical composition and biological effects of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): In vitro studies with implications for efficacy and drug interactions

DA Todd, JJ Kellogg, ED Wallace, M Khin… - Scientific reports, 2020 - nature.com
The safety and efficacy of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) for treatment of pain is highly
controversial. Kratom produces more than 40 structurally related alkaloids, but most studies …

Prevalence and description of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) use in the United States: a cross‐sectional study

J Schimmel, E Amioka, K Rockhill, CM Haynes… - …, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Background and aims Mitragyna speciosa ('kratom') contains mu opioid partial agonists. It is
widely available, and occasionally used as a home remedy for opioid use disorder. The …

Therapeutic benefit with caveats?: Analyzing social media data to understand the complexities of kratom use

KE Smith, JM Rogers, D Schriefer… - Drug and Alcohol …, 2021 - Elsevier
Background Mitragyna speciosa, referred to as “kratom”, is increasingly used in the United
States for self-treating pain, psychiatric, and substance use disorder symptoms. It is used by …

Pharmacokinetics of eleven kratom alkaloids following an oral dose of either traditional or commercial kratom products in rats

SH Kamble, EC Berthold, TI King… - Journal of natural …, 2021 - ACS Publications
Kratom, Mitragyna speciosa Korth., is being widely consumed in the United States for pain
management and the reduction of opioid withdrawal symptoms. The central nervous system …

A systematic review of (pre) clinical studies on the therapeutic potential and safety profile of kratom in humans

E Prevete, KPC Kuypers, EL Theunissen… - Human …, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract Introduction Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a tropical plant traditionally used as an
ethnomedicinal remedy for several conditions in South East Asia. Despite the increased …

Prevalence and characteristics of self-reported kratom use in a representative US general population sample

JR Covvey, SM Vogel, AM Peckham… - Journal of addictive …, 2020 - Taylor & Francis
Abstract Background Reports of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) use, a medicinal plant widely
found in Southeast Asia, are on the rise in the US. However, the prevalence and …

[HTML][HTML] The chemical and pharmacological properties of mitragynine and its diastereomers: an insight review

T Karunakaran, KZ Ngew, AAD Zailan… - Frontiers in …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Mitragynine, is a naturally occurring indole alkaloid that can be isolated from the leaves of a
psychoactive medicinal plant. Mitragyna speciosa, also known as kratom, is found to …

Analgesic opioid ligand discovery based on nonmorphinan scaffolds derived from natural sources

MT Smith, D Kong, A Kuo, MZ Imam… - Journal of Medicinal …, 2022 - ACS Publications
Strong opioid analgesics, including morphine, are the mainstays for treating moderate to
severe acute pain and alleviating chronic cancer pain. However, opioid-related adverse …