The biological diversity of the unicellular bacteria—whether assessed by shape, food,
metabolism, or ecological niche—surely rivals (if not exceeds) that of the multicellular …

The mechanical properties of the cell envelope in Gram-negative bacteria are controlled by
the peptidoglycan, the outer membrane, and the proteins interacting with both layers. In …

Antibiotics are regarded as a miracle in the medical field as it prevents disease caused by
pathogenic bacteria. Since the discovery of penicillin, antibiotics have become the …

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Large quantities of microplastics are regularly discharged from wastewater treatment plants
(WWTPs) into the aquatic environment. Once released, these plastics can rapidly become …

The FtsZ protein is a highly conserved bacterial tubulin homolog. In vivo, the functional form
of FtsZ is the polymeric, ring-like structure (Z-ring) assembled at the future division site …

Expand emergence of antibiotic resistance in different strains of bacteria has become an
essential global problem in the health area. This case leads to several medical difficulties …

With the strengthening of the public awareness of food safety and environmental protection,
functional food packaging materials have received widespread attention. Nanofibers are …

Bacteria account for 1000-fold more biomass than humans. They vary widely in shape and
size. The morphological diversity of bacteria is due largely to the different peptidoglycan …

The growing demand for titanium-based implants and the subsequent rise in implant-
associated infections necessitate novel developments in anti-infective technologies. Recent …