Accurate predictions of the three-dimensional structures of proteins from their amino acid
sequences have come of age. AlphaFold, a deep learning-based approach to protein …

Nature achieves differentiation of specific and nonspecific binding in molecular interactions
through precise control of biomolecules in space and time. Artificial systems such as …

Recognition of the natural abundance and functional importance of intrinsically disordered
proteins (IDPs), and protein hybrids that contain both intrinsically disordered protein regions …

Molecular communication in biology is mediated by protein interactions. According to the
current paradigm, the specificity and affinity required for these interactions are encoded in …

The forkhead box protein O (FOXO, consisting of FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4 and FOXO6)
transcription factors are the mammalian orthologues of Caenorhabditis elegans DAF-16 …

Transcription factors (TFs) that bind common DNA motifs in vitro occupy distinct sets of
promoters in vivo, raising the question of how binding specificity is achieved. TFs are …

Motions in biomolecules are critical for biochemical reactions. In cells, many biochemical
reactions are executed inside of biomolecular condensates formed by ultradynamic …

In the 1960s, Christian Anfinsen postulated that the unique three-dimensional structure of a
protein is determined by its amino acid sequence. This work laid the foundation for the …

G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinases (GRKs) selectively phosphorylate activated
GPCRs, thereby priming them for desensitization. Although it is unclear how GRKs …

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and IDP regions fail to form a stable structure, yet
they exhibit biological activities. Their mobile flexibility and structural instability are encoded …