Cancers are highly complex diseases that are characterized by not only the overgrowth of
malignant cells but also an altered immune response. The inhibition and reprogramming of …

Angiogenesis is defined as the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting vessels and
has been characterized as an essential process for tumor cell proliferation and viability. This …

Vaccination is one of the key strategies to stop the COVID-19 pandemic. This review aims to
evaluate the current state of vaccine development and to determine the issues that merit …

The development of innovative targeted therapeutic approaches are expected to surpass the
efficacy of current forms of treatments and cause less damage to healthy cells surrounding …

Seven years after the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak, a new severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) made its first appearance in a food …

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have become mainstream in cancer treatment.
However, only patient subsets benefit from these expensive therapies, and often responses …

Adjuvants and vaccine delivery systems are used widely to improve the efficacy of vaccines.
Their primary roles are to protect antigen from degradation and allow its delivery and uptake …

Although cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a novel cancer treatment modality, it still
suffers from low therapeutic efficacy in clinics due to the presence of a low number of …

Modulating the activity of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (TiDC) provides opportunities for
novel cancer interventions. In this article, we report on our study of the uptake of mRNA by …

The cross presentation of exogenous antigen (Ag) by dendritic cells (DCs) facilitates a
diversified mode of T-cell activation, orchestrates specific humoral and cellular immunity …