Pain is a common clinical condition. However, the mechanisms underlying pain are not yet
fully understood. It is known that the neuroimmune system plays a critical role in the …

Objective Brain's aerobic energy metabolism, abundance of the fatty acids and unsaturated
lipids, generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by hormones, physiological roles of …

Background Ketamine, a multimodal dissociative anesthetic drug, is widely used as an
analgesic following traumatic injury. Although ketamine may produce anti-inflammatory …

Our previous work indicated that ER-phagy level had altered in spinal nerve ligation (SNL)
rats. In this study, we investigated whether dexmedetomidine or ketamine exhibits anti …

This study aimed at evaluating the treatment effects with ketamine, electroconvulsive
stimulation (ECS), escitalopram, alone or in combination in adult rats of both sexes …

There is evidence that hypoglycemic stress can interact with other stressors, and that
ketamine can mitigate the impact of these stressors on behavior and physiology. The current …

We begin this chapter with findings pointing out the interaction between exposure to
stressful events and the occurrence of major psychiatric and neurological diseases …

Introduction. There is evidence in support of a link between metabolic and mood disorders.
Impaired glucose metabolism may play a role in the development of core depressive …

Background: Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) as a well-established and effective
therapeutic approach for the treatment of various psychiatric disorders is an excellent option …