Abnormal immunoglobulin synthesis within the central nervous system is a common finding
in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) that is often used for diagnosis. However, it is not …

In multiple sclerosis (MS) more than 95% of the patients have positive oligoclonal bands
(OCB) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Previous studies have reported differences between …

During the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), activated B-cells cross the inflamed
endothelium of the central nervous system (CNS) to exert their effector functions, probably …

Biochemical biomarkers are important candidates for the diagnosis and prognosis of
neurological diseases of autoimmune etiology, since they may reflect the presence, nature …

Introduction: Precision medicine is an approach to disease prevention and treatment that
takes into account individual variability in terms of genetics, environment and lifestyle. This …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS. Until recently,
most therapeutic interventions have targeted T cells in the treatment of MS. Recent data …

Strategies for treating autoimmune disorders are increasingly employing targeted therapies
rather than non-specific, multitargeted treatments. Accumulating evidence on the …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disorder, characterized by mononuclear
cell inflammation, demyelination and often with extensive axonal injury. It was first described …

In multiple sclerosis intrathecal IgM synthesis correlates with an unfavourable disease
course. Whether this reflects a pathogenic role of IgM, possibly in conjunction with …

Abstract Background Intrathecal IgM synthesis demonstrated either as cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF)-restricted oligoclonal (o-) IgM bands or calculated using various formulas has been …