The Japanese Circulation Society (JCS) published the “Guidelines for Pharmacological
Treatment of Arrhythmia” in 2004, and a revised edition was published in 2009. 1 Both …

Background Several observational studies have shown that the inappropriate dosing use of
direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in atrial fibrillation (AF) that does not conform to …

Background Although several meta‐analyses have examined the effects of off‐label
underdosing of nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) compared with their …

Background Apixaban, a non‐vitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOAC), was approved in Japan
in 2012 for the prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with nonvalvular atrial …

Background: Several studies have investigated the role of off-label non-vitamin K antagonist
oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to compare the …

Background The safety and effectiveness of reduced-dose apixaban 2.5 mg twice daily (BID)
have not been elucidated thoroughly in Japanese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation …

Large-scaled post-marketing surveillance studies (PMSSs) of 4 direct oral anticoagulants
(DOACs) for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) were conducted since …

In the present study, we aimed to provide evidence from high-quality real world studies for a
comprehensive and rigorous analysis on the gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) risk for non …

Introduction: The real-world treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) often involves the prescription
of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) using dose both lower and higher than recommended …

Background Idarucizumab, a dabigatran-specific reversal agent, was launched in Japan in
2016. The J-Dabigatran Surveillance 2 study was designed to assess the characteristics and …