The discovery that mammalian cells have the ability to synthesize the free radical nitric oxide
(NO) has stimulated an extraordinary impetus for scientific research in all the fields of …

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world. Oxidative stress,
which refers to an excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays a key role …

Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is one of the most devastating neurological
diseases; most patients die within 3 to 4 years after symptom onset. Oxidative stress is a …

Despite ongoing advances in stroke imaging and treatment, ischemic and hemorrhagic
stroke continue to debilitate patients with devastating outcomes at both the personal and …

The family of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are known for their regulation of
vascularization. In the brain, VEGFs are important regulators of angiogenesis …

Brain ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) is one of the most severe clinical manifestations of
ischemic stroke, placing a significant burden on both individuals and society. The only FDA …

In retrospect, basic research in the fields of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine
monophosphate (cGMP) during the past two decades appears to have followed a logical …

Glia undergo inflammatory activation in most CNS pathologies and are capable of killing
cocultured neurons. We investigated the mechanisms of this inflammatory …

NO was first characterized in the CNS as the intercellular messenger mediating the increase
in cyclic GMP levels that follows activation of glutamate receptors (Garthwaite et al., 1988) …

Caffeic acid (CA) and its phenethyl ester (CAPE) are naturally occurring hydroxycinnamic
acids with an interesting array of biological activities; eg, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory …