A drug product combines pharmacologic activity with pharmaceutical properties. Desirable
performance characteristics are physical and chemical stability, ease of processing …

Background Inhaled drugs are the mainstay of treatment for lung diseases such as asthma
and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, failure to use inhalation devices …

Purpose Deposition characteristics of MDI and DPI aerosols were compared throughout the
conducting airways for the first time using a combination of in vitro experiments and a newly …

Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are increasingly replacing metered dose inhalers in elderly
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. However, most DPIs are dependent …

Highlights•Applications of alternative carriers to lactose in DPIs are reviewed.•Lactose, the
most commonly used carrier in DPI formulations, has some limitations.•These limitations …

Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are one of the leading causes of deaths in the
world. Currently available treatment for this disease is with high doses of antibiotics which …

Developing effective oral inhaled drug delivery treatment strategies for respiratory diseases
necessitates a thorough knowledge of the respiratory system physiology, such as the …

Biomarkers in COPD may be clinical (prior exacerbation history), physiologic (FEV 1), or
blood based (eosinophil count or fibrinogen level). Recent interest in using biomarkers to …

Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are breath actuated, and patients using DPIs need to generate
an optimal inspiratory flow during the inhalation maneuver for effective drug delivery to the …

The dry powder inhaler (DPI) has become widely known as a very attractive platform for drug
delivery. Many patients have traditionally used DPIs to treat asthma and chronic obstructive …