Clinical use of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in thrombolytic therapy is limited by its
short circulation time and hemorrhagic side effects. Inspired by fibrinogen binding to …

Extensive reports of pulmonary embolisms, ischaemic stroke and myocardial infarctions
caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as well as a significantly increased long …

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) describe abnormal vascular system
conditions affecting the brain and heart. Among these, ischemic heart disease and ischemic …

Thrombolytic (clot-busting) therapies with plasminogen activators (PAs) are first-line
treatments against acute thrombosis and ischemic stroke. However, limitations such as …

Intravenous injection of thrombolytic drugs is the most effective strategy for the treatment of
thrombotic diseases. However, the clinical application of most thrombolytic drugs is limited …

Antithrombosis therapy is confronted with short half-lives of thrombolytic agents, limited
therapeutic effects, and bleeding complications. Drug delivery systems of thrombolytic …

Tumor metastasis is responsible for most mortality in cancer patients, and remains a
challenge in clinical cancer treatment. Platelets can be recruited and activated by tumor …

Thromboembolic stroke is typically characterized by the activation of platelets, resulting in
thrombus in the cerebral vascular system, leading to high morbidity and mortality globally …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally.
Despite significant advancements in the development of pharmacological therapies, the …

Acute thrombosis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Pharmacological
thrombolysis relies on plasminogen activators (PAs), which are associated with major side …