Diabetic vascular complications (DVCs), including macro-and micro-angiopathy, account for
a high percentage of mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Endothelial …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a prevalent and severe complications of diabetes and
serves as the primary cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) globally. Increasing …

Background Type 2 diabetic nephropathy is a common diabetic complication and the main
cause of death in patients with diabetes. Research has aimed to find an ideal drug with …

Diabetic nephropathy, a major diabetes complication, is often exacerbated by
glucolipotoxicity. The potential benefits of mulberry leaf extract (MLE) and its primary …

Satureja montana L.(SM) has a long traditional use as a spice and a medicine for various
gastrointestinal disorders, including painful spasms and diarrhea. Contrary to conventional …

Background Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD)
and diabetes. The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index is considered a reliable alternative …

Podocytes, the key component of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB), are gradually lost
during the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), severely compromising kidney …

In recent years, preclinical research on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has surged to the
forefront of scientific and clinical attention. DKD has become a pervasive complication of …

As an endocrine cytokine, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) exhibits anti-inflammatory
properties. With the development of lupus nephritis (LN), which is tightly related to …

Recognized as a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic
nephropathy (DN) is the principal cause of chronic end-stage renal disease (ESRD) …