Recent years have witnessed the discovery that amino acids (AA) are not only cell signaling
molecules but are also regulators of gene expression and the protein phosphorylation …

Upstream open reading frames (uORFs) are major gene expression regulatory elements. In
many eukaryotic mRNAs, one or more uORFs precede the initiation codon of the main …

Ferroptosis is a form of regulated non-apoptotic cell death that has been implicated in
several disease contexts. A better understanding of the ferroptotic death mechanism could …

Following its predecessor, the second edition of Amino Acids: Biochemistry and Nutrition
presents exhaustive coverage of amino acids in the nutrition, metabolism and health of …

Amino acids (AA) were traditionally classified as nutritionally essential or nonessential for
animals and humans based on nitrogen balance or growth. A key element of this …

Proline plays important roles in protein synthesis and structure, metabolism (particularly the
synthesis of arginine, polyamines, and glutamate via pyrroline-5-carboxylate), and nutrition …

Regulation of mRNA translation is a rapid and effective means to couple changes in the
cellular environment with global rates of protein synthesis. In response to stresses, such as …

Arginine, one among the 20 most common natural amino acids, has a pivotal role in cellular
physiology as it is being involved in numerous cellular metabolic and signaling pathways …

Febrifugine, the bioactive constituent of one of the 50 fundamental herbs of traditional
Chinese medicine, has been characterized for its therapeutic activity, though its molecular …

Glutamine and leucine are abundant constituents of plant and animal proteins, whereas the
content of arginine in foods and physiological fluids varies greatly. Besides their role in …