Cellular hypoxia occurs when the demand for sufficient molecular oxygen needed to
produce the levels of ATP required to perform physiological functions exceeds the vascular …

Sequential expression of claudins, a family of tight junction proteins, along the nephron
mirrors the sequential expression of ion channels and transporters. Only by the interplay of …

Nephronophthisis (NPH) is an autosomal recessive tubulointerstitial nephropathy belonging
to the ciliopathy disorders and known as the most common cause of hereditary end-stage …

Our kidneys receive about one-fifth of the cardiac output at rest and have a low oxygen
extraction ratio, but may sustain, under some conditions, hypoxic injuries that might lead to …

Aim Fibroblast‐like renal erythropoietin (Epo) producing (REP) cells of the corticomedullary
border region “sense” a decrease in blood oxygen content following anaemia or …

Renal fibrosis is the final stage of most progressive kidney diseases. Chronic kidney disease
(CKD) is associated with high comorbidity and mortality. Thus, preventing fibrosis and …

The kidney is the main organ that senses changes in systemic oxygen tension, but it is also
the key detoxification, transit and excretion site of transition metals (TMs). Pivotal to oxygen …

The ureohydrolase, type-II arginase (Arg-II), is a mitochondrial enzyme metabolizing L-
arginine into urea and L-ornithine and is highly expressed in renal proximal tubular cells …

Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The prevalence of
anemia in CKD strongly increases as the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) …

Kidney cancer and chronic kidney disease are two renal pathologies with very different
clinical management strategies and therapeutical options. Nonetheless, the cellular and …