Actinomycosis is a rare chronic disease caused by Actinomyces spp., anaerobic Gram-
positive bacteria that normally colonize the human mouth and digestive and genital tracts …

Actinomyces israelii has long been recognized as a causative agent of actinomycosis.
During the past 3 decades, a large number of novel Actinomyces species have been …

The gut microbiome is an ecosystem that involves complex interactions. Currently, our
knowledge about the role of the gut microbiome in health and disease relies mainly on …

Background This narrative review of osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with low bone mass
receiving treatment with antiresorptive agents is based on an appraisal of the literature by an …

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is now defined by the presence of exposed bone in the
mouth, which fails to heal after appropriate intervention over a period of six or eight weeks. It …

Bisphosphonates are used in the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy, skeletal
complications associated with metastastic bone disease, Paget's disease, and osteoporosis …

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a skin disease characterized by recurrent nodules or
abscesses and chronic suppurating lesions. In the absence of clear pathophysiology, HS is …

Actinomycosis is a rare subacute or chronic, endogenous infection mainly by Actinomyces
species, showing low virulence through fimbriae and biofilms. Cervicofacial, thoracic …

Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare infection caused by the bacterial species actinomyces.
This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of pulmonary actinomycosis to improve …

Matrix-associated laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF
MS) is a rapid and simple microbial identification method. Previous reports using the …