It is estimated that nearly a third of people who abuse drugs started with prescription opioid
medicines. Approximately, 11.5 million Americans used prescription drugs recreationally in …

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with the use of opioids
among patients with chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). Methods: A systematic review and …

BACKGROUND Intractable neck and upper limb pain has historically been challenging to
treat with conventional spinal cord stimulation (SCS) being limited by obtaining effective …

Alcohol and other substance use disorders share comorbidity with other RDS disorders, ie, a
reduction in dopamine signaling within the reward pathway. RDS is a term that connects …

This review is aimed to summarize the pain‐relieving effect of non‐drug substances, mostly
prescribed as integrators in treatment of pain, including especially in chronic postoperative …

Morbid obesity (MO) is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide and is associated with
both altered physiology and increased co-morbidities. Together, these can render the …

The management of pain, particularly chronic pain, is still an area of medical need. In this
context, opioids remain a gold standard for the treatment of pain. However, significant side …

Abstract The United States (US) population consumes an estimated 68% of the world's
prescribed opioids each year, and over 2 million adults in the US suffer from an opioid use …

Chronic pain is a significant comorbid condition among individuals with opioid use disorder
(OUD). However, due to conflicting perceptions of responsibility, structural barriers, and a …

Agonists of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ opioid peptide (NOP) receptor, a member of the
opioid receptor family, are under active investigation as novel analgesics, but their modes of …