Gonadal hormones contribute to the sexual differentiation of brain and behavior throughout
the lifespan, from initial neural patterning to “activation” of adult circuits. Sexual behavior is …

Gonadal hormones are becoming increasingly recognized for their effects on cognition.
Estrogens, in particular, have received attention for their effects on learning and memory that …

The medial amygdala (MeA) controls several types of social behavior via its projections to
other limbic regions. Cells in the posterior dorsal and posterior ventral medial amygdala …

Social vigilance is a behavioral strategy commonly used in adverse or changing social
environments. In animals, a combination of avoidance and vigilance allows an individual to …

Most animals encounter social challenges throughout their lives as they compete for
resources. Individual responses to such challenges can depend on social status, sex, and …

Our understanding of the proximate and ultimate mechanisms shaping competitive
reproductive phenotypes primarily stems from research on male-male competition for mates …

Recent policies banning or limiting the participation of transgender and intersex women from
the women's category of sport have called upon the science of testosterone to justify …

Dominance relationships are identified by changes in agonistic behavior toward specific
individuals. While there are considerable individual and species differences in dominance …

The interest in studying the neural circuits related to mating behavior and mate choice in
monogamous species lies in the parallels found between human social structure and sexual …

At the birth of supergenes, the genomic landscape is dramatically re-organized leading to
pronounced differences in phenotypes and increased intrasexual diversity. Two of the best …