The purpose of this article is to provide an update on methods for palliating symptoms in
patients with histologically benign and malignant central airway obstruction. We review the …

Benign tracheal stenosis can cause dyspnea, wheezing, and cough mimicking other
obstructive lung diseases which often leads to a delay in the diagnosis. Risk factors and …

New robotic systems have recently emerged to assist with peripheral lung access, but a
robotic system for rigid bronchoscopy has yet to be developed. We describe a new robotic …

Objective To determine the reliability of pulmonary function testing compared to endoscopic
grading in the assessment of subglottic stenosis. Methods Consecutively treated patients …

OBJECTIVES Severity of airway narrowing is relevant to management decision-making
processes in patients with laryngotracheal stenosis. Airway lumen is frequently assessed …

Rationale: All bronchoscopists will encounter, at some point, central airway obstruction
(CAO) and will face the problem of documenting its severity. Axial imaging is suggested as …

BACKGROUND: Spirometry is used to physiologically assess patients with central airway
obstruction (CAO) before and after interventional bronchoscopy, but is not always feasible in …

Malignant central airway obstruction (MCAO) is a debilitating and life-limiting complication
that occurs in an unfortunately large number of individuals with advanced intrathoracic …

Background: Benign tracheal stenosis may relapse after management. Objectives: This
study aimed to assess the value of dyspnea and spirometry in detecting relapse of benign …

Tracheal stenosis (TS) refers to narrowing of the airway lumen from the cricoid cartilage to
the main carina. Subglottic stenosis (SGS) refers to airway narrowing in between the glottis …