Abstract The Klotho proteins, αKlotho and βKlotho, are essential components of endocrine
fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor complexes, as they are required for the high-affinity …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have
significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that is in part due to the development of …

The Western pattern diet is rich not only in fat and calories but also in phosphate. The
negative effects of excessive fat and calorie intake on health are widely known, but the …

Background and aims Vascular calcification is prevalent in clinical states characterized by
low-grade chronic inflammation, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Calciprotein …

The final step of biomineralization is a chemical precipitation reaction that occurs
spontaneously in supersaturated or metastable salt solutions. Genetic programs direct …

The link between vascular calcification (VC) and increased mortality is now well established.
Over time, as clinical importance of this phenomenon has begun to be fully considered …

Vascular and soft tissue calcification contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in
both the general population and CKD. Because calcium and phosphate serum …

Parathyroidectomy (PTx) drastically improves biochemical parameters and clinical
symptoms related to severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) but the effect of PTx on …

Medial arterial calcification is accelerated in patients with CKD and strongly associated with
increased arterial rigidity and cardiovascular mortality. Recently, a novel in vitro blood test …

High concentrations of extracellular phosphate are toxic to cells. Impaired urinary phosphate
excretion increases serum phosphate level and induces a premature-ageing phenotype …