The extensive metabolic demands of pregnancy require specific physiological and
anatomical changes. These changes affect almost all organ systems, including the …

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a transitory metabolic condition caused by
dysregulation triggered by intolerance to carbohydrates, dysfunction of beta-pancreatic and …

Pregnancies are rare in women with pituitary adenomas, which may relate to hormone
excess from secretory subtypes such as prolactinomas or corticotroph adenomas …

There is general agreement that vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health problem. This is
due in part to the lack of appreciation that sunlight is an important source of vitamin D. There …

Miscarriage is the spontaneous loss of a fetus before it is viable, occurring at a rate of 15–
20%. Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) or habitual miscarriage is defined as repeated …

Background Increasing scientific evidence suggests that exposure to phthalates during
pregnancy may be associated with an elevated risk of adverse reproductive outcomes such …

The preconceptional presence of microbiota in the female and male reproductive organs
suggests that fertilization is taking place in a nonsterile environment and contributes to …

Due to the increasing applications of nanomaterials and nanotechnology, potential danger
of nanoparticle exposure has become a critical issue. However, recent nanotoxicity studies …

Objective Pregnancy is accompanied by dramatic physiological changes in maternal plasma
proteins. Characterization of the maternal plasma proteome in normal pregnancy is an …

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is used to predict the
pharmacokinetic behavior of xenobiotics in humans. During pregnancy, anatomical and …