Effector, memory and exhaustion are three phenotypes of CD8+ T cell. In tumor
microenvironment (TME), metabolism dysfunction of the three should take the blame for …

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic disease in orthopedics, which brings great
pain to patients' life and spirit. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the pathogenesis of …

Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo membrane remodeling events in
response to metabolic alterations to generate an adequate mitochondrial network. Here, we …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical complication with high morbidity and mortality
rates. Despite substantial progress in understanding the mechanism of AKI, no effective …

The metabolic program is altered during macrophage activation and influences macrophage
polarization. Glutaminolysis promotes accumulation of α-ketoglutarate (αKG), leading to …

Posttranslational modification by small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) is critical in
regulating diverse cellular processes including gene expression, cell cycle progression …

The metabolic reprogramming during T cell activation and differentiation affects T cell fate
and immune responses. Cell metabolism may serve as the driving force that induces …

Abstract Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, plays a key role in the
modulation of metabolic reprogramming and regulation of cell death, as well as in shaping …

T cells are critical players in adaptive immunity, driving the tissue injury and organ damage
of patients with autoimmune diseases. Consequently, investigations on T cell activation …

T cells are critical orchestrators of the adaptive immune response that optimally eliminate a
specific pathogen. Aberrant T-cell development and function are implicated in a broad range …