Ethanol is one of the most commonly abused drugs. Although environmental and genetic
factors contribute to the etiology of alcohol use disorders, it is ethanol's actions in the brain …

We propose that schizophrenia involves a combination of decreased phasic dopamine
responses for relevant stimuli and increased spontaneous phasic dopamine release. Using …

Tobacco and alcohol use are leading causes of mortality that influence risk for many
complex diseases and disorders. They are heritable, and etiologically related, behaviors that …

Alcohol consumption is an integral part of daily life in many societies. The benefits
associated with the production, sale, and use of alcoholic beverages come at an enormous …

Importance Although an estimated 30 million people meet criteria for alcohol use disorder
(AUD), few receive appropriate pharmacotherapy. A more personalized, symptom-specific …

Despite the generally held view that alcohol is an unspecific pharmacological agent, recent
molecular pharmacology studies demonstrated that alcohol has only a few known primary …

The repeated use of drugs that directly or indirectly stimulate dopamine transmission carry
addiction liability and produce enduring pathological changes in the brain circuitry that …

Alcohol abuse causes widespread changes in gene expression in human brain, some of
which contribute to alcohol dependence. Previous microarray studies identified individual …

Glycine transporters are endogenous regulators of the dual functions of glycine, which acts
as a classical inhibitory neurotransmitter at glycinergic synapses and as a modulator of …

Flexible neural probes have been pursued previously to minimize the mechanical mismatch
between soft neural tissues and implants and thereby improve long-term performance …