Evidence for a close bidirectional link between the brain and the gut has led to a paradigm
shift in neurology, especially in the case of Parkinson disease (PD), in which gastrointestinal …

Obesity is a complex, chronic disease and global public health challenge. Characterized by
excessive fat accumulation in the body, obesity sharply increases the risk of several …

The intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) is one of the largest interfaces between the
environment and the internal milieu of the body. It is essential to limit the passage of harmful …

Obesity is associated with impaired intestinal barrier function and dysbiosis of the gut
microbiota. Spermidine, a polyamine that acts as an autophagy inducer, has important …

Throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, a distinct mucus layer composed of highly
glycosylated proteins called mucins plays an essential role in providing lubrication for the …

The gastrointestinal (GI) system contains many different types of immune cells, making it a
key immune organ system in the human body. In the last decade, our knowledge has …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises a group of chronic inflammatory disorders of
the gastrointestinal tract. Accumulating evidence shows that the development of IBD is …

The intestinal mucosal barrier, also referred to as intestinal barrier, is widely recognized as a
critical player in gut homeostasis maintenance as it ensures the complex crosstalk between …

Prebiotics and probiotics play a positive role in promoting human nutrition and health.
Prebiotics are compounds that cannot be digested by the host, but can be used and …

Autoimmune diseases are a series of diseases involving multiple tissues and organs,
characterized by the over production of abnormal multiple antibodies. Although most studies …