Over the past two decades, elucidation of the genetic defects that underlie cancer has
resulted in a plethora of novel targeted cancer drugs. Although these agents can initially be …

Abstract RAS (KRAS, NRAS and HRAS) is the most frequently mutated gene family in
cancers, and, consequently, investigators have sought an effective RAS inhibitor for more …

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a potent oncogenic driver in lung cancer. ALK tyrosine
kinase inhibitors yield significant benefit in patients with ALK fusion-positive (ALK+) lung …

Acquired drug resistance to anticancer targeted therapies remains an unsolved clinical
problem. Although many drivers of acquired drug resistance have been identified,,–, the …

Abstract Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) enacts major roles in the maintenance
of epithelial tissues. However, when EGFR signaling is altered, it becomes the grand …

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways represent ubiquitous signal transduction
pathways that regulate all aspects of life and are frequently altered in disease. Here, we …

There has been huge progress in the discovery of targeted cancer therapies in recent years.
However, even for the most successful and impactful cancer drugs which have been …

Biomarkers-guided precision therapeutics has revolutionized the clinical development and
administration of molecular-targeted anticancer agents. Tailored precision cancer therapy …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a malignancy characterized by a poor
prognosis and high mortality rate. Genetic mutations and altered molecular pathways serve …

The biggest hurdle to targeted cancer therapy is the inevitable emergence of drug
resistance. Tumor cells employ different mechanisms to resist the targeting agent. Most …