Exacerbations of COPD are associated with worsening of the airflow obstruction,
hospitalisation, reduced quality of life, disease progression and death. At least 70% of …

Objectives Despite national recommendations for use of pneumococcal vaccines, rates of
community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) remain …

Background The morbidity and mortality of adult diseases caused by S. pneumoniae
increase with age and presence of underlying chronic diseases. Currently, two vaccine …

The share of the elderly population is growing worldwide as life expectancy increases.
Immunosenescence and comorbidities increase infectious diseases' morbidity and mortality …

Los adultos fumadores con comorbilidades, y los ancianos, corren mayor riesgo de contraer
infecciones y sus complicaciones. Las infecciones respiratorias comu nitarias por virus …

Pneumonia, predominantly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, remains a leading cause
of global mortality. The 23-valent Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and …

Introduction Pneumococcus remains a major cause of adult lower respiratory tract infections
(LRTI). Few data exist on the relative contribution of serotypes included in pneumococcal …

Background The Ukrainian Ministerial Order (UMO) recommends pneumococcal vaccine
(PCV) in risk groups but not free-of-charge resulting in coverage< 5%(crude estimation). In …

Abstract Background Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is a common respiratory pathogen
and the main cause of bacterial pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia, acute otitis media …

Background Few studies have measured the burden of community-acquired pneumonia
(CAP) and pneumococcal vaccine-type CAP in Japan after the introduction of the 23-valent …