This review presents a general view of all types of melanin in all types of organisms. Melanin
is frequently considered just an animal cutaneous pigment and is treated separately from …

Melanosomes are organelles that produce and store melanin, a widespread biological
pigment with a unique suite of properties including high refractive index, semiconducting …

Tyrosinase is an enzyme widely distributed in the biosphere. It is one of a group of proteins
with a strongly conserved bicopper active centre able to bind molecular oxygen. Tyrosinase …

The phylum M ollusca is highly speciose, and is the largest phylum in the marine realm. The
great majority of molluscs are shelled, including nearly all bivalves, most gastropods and …

Human melanocytes are distributed not only in the epidermis and in hair follicles but also in
mucosa, cochlea (ear), iris (eye), and mesencephalon (brain) among other tissues …

Melanins are widespread pigments in vertebrates, with important roles in visual signaling,
UV protection, and homeostasis. Fossil evidence of melanin and melanin-bearing …

Melanin is a complex group of natural pigment substance, and it shows excellent biological
and biomedical applications which is commonly present in algae, fungi, bacteria …

Melanin is a ubiquitous biological pigment found in bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. It
has a diverse range of ecological and biochemical functions, including display, evasion …

Iridescent feather colors involved in displays of many extant birds are produced by
nanoscale arrays of melanin-containing organelles (melanosomes). Data relevant to the …

A primary role of melanin in skin is the prevention of UV-induced nuclear DNA damage to
human skin cells, where it serves to screen out harmful UV radiation. Melanin is delivered to …