The process of cardiac remodeling in response to cardiac injury and/or persistent elevations
in wall stress generally relates to the progressive changes that occur in ventricular chamber …

WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP1), a member of the CYR61/CTGF/Nov
family of growth factors, can mediate cell growth, transformation, and survival. Previously we …

Objective: Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is implicated in myocardial remodeling, a process
in which activated cardiac fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) secrete matrix-degrading …

Right ventricular failure (RVF) is the main determinant of mortality in patients with pulmonary
arterial hypertension (PAH). Although the exact pathophysiology underlying RVF remains …

TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine that is upregulated in many cardiac diseases. The
increase of TNF-α expression affects both heart function and the structure of the extracellular …

A disturbed inflammatory response following myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with
poor prognosis and increased tissue damage. Monocytes are key players in healing after MI …

Background: Over the last decades, the role of inflammation and immune system activation
in the initiation and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been established …

The heart contains various types of cells, including cardiomyocytes, cardiac fibroblasts,
many kinds of immune cells and vascular cells. Initial studies mainly focused on …

Extensive cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) contributes significantly to
ventricular dysfunction. Factors regulating left ventricular remodeling at different stages after …

A marked increase in plasma TNF-α has been described in patients with chronic heart
failure (CHF). Nevertheless, little is known about the direct role of this cytokine early after …