Irrigation is considered the primary means of cleaning and disinfection of the root canal
system. The purpose of this review was to set the framework for the obstacles that irrigation …

The oral cavity is the habitat of several hundreds of microbial taxa that have evolved to
coexist in multispecies communities in this unique ecosystem. By contrast, the internal tissue …

The pulp plays a key role in the treatment of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) and is strongly
associated with the outcome, particularly in severe cases. A correct pulp diagnosis is …

Background Ex vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of some
irrigation protocols in reducing the bacterial load in the root canal system. However …

Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy has been extensively researched in endodontics, particularly in
cleaning and shaping the root canal system. Research advances have primarily focused on …

Background Adjunct therapy refers to any intracanal procedure going beyond
chemomechanical preparation with instruments and traditionally delivered irrigants …

We investigated the biofilm removal effects of laser activated irrigation (LAI) using a pig
model, focusing on the impact of the fiber tip position, and used a high-speed camera to …

Background Fluid dynamics is a majorly neglected aspect to be studied in root canal
irrigation. The fundamental rule to understand mechanics is to observe patterns of flow …

Endodontic disease, a biofilm infection of the root canal space, is a significant cause of
dental morbidity worldwide. Endodontic treatment, or root canal treatment, as it is commonly …

Background Studies related to non‐surgical root canal treatment are amongst the most
frequently performed clinical studies in endodontics. However, heterogeneity in reporting …