Introduction Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) associates an abnormal circadian
pattern in blood pressure (BP) regulation that might be aggravated by the coexistence of …

Background Smoking increases plasma nicotine. Nicotine releases catecholamines and
alters arterial distensibility. The nicotine intake per cigarette is greater and serum cotinine …

Purpose Physiological markers that estimate sympathetic activation may be used to infer
pain and stress in humans. To date, effective reproducible methods are invasive and pose …

Aims. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by structural and functional alterations of the large-
and medium-size arteries. Whether blood glucose variability, ie the glycemic oscillations …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by overactivation of the sympathetic nervous
system (SNS) that contributes to cardiovascular risk. Decreased nitric oxide (NO) …

The normal aging process of the brachial artery (BA) wall is of specific interest since it is
often selected as a model artery in studies of vascular function. With echo-tracking …

Objectives Renal transplant recipients (RTX) show a major impairment of large artery elastic
wall properties. Sympathetic overactivity present in patients with renal disease has been …

Lack of elasticity in the central artery causes an increase in left ventricular (LV) afterload.
Although regular moderate-intensity endurance exercise improves cardiovascular function …

We aimed to elucidate the role of autonomic dysfunction in the context of complex metabolic
and cardiovascular changes in subjects with prehypertension. We identified 556 …

Previous studies have shown that low-intensity resistance training with restricted blood flow,
known as KAATSU training, increases muscle strength and size. Its effects on blood vessel …