Extravasation is the first step for nanomedicines in circulation to reach targeted solid tumors.
Traditional nanomedicines have been designed to extravasate into tumor interstitium …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells which can proliferate and replace
dead cells in the body. MSCs also secrete immunomodulatory molecules, creating a …

Adult stem cell–based organoid technology is a versatile tool for the generation and long-
term maintenance of near-native 3D epithelial tissues in vitro. The generation of cancer …

In breast cancer, genetic heterogeneity, the lack of actionable targets and immune evasion
all contribute to the limited clinical response rates to immune checkpoint blockade therapy …

Current treatments for clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) are insufficient because two-
thirds of patients with metastases progress within two years. Here we report the identification …

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) comprises a diverse group of malignancies arising from the
nephron. The most prevalent type, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), is characterized …

Studying biological characteristics of tumors and evaluating the treatment effects require
appropriate in vitro tumor models. However, the occurrence, progression, and migration of …

Cellular models have created opportunities to explore the characteristics of human diseases
through well-established protocols, while avoiding the ethical restrictions associated with …

In the past five years, pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived kidney organoids and adult stem
or progenitor cell (ASC)-based kidney tubuloids have emerged as advanced in vitro models …

Homotypic and heterotypic interactions between cells are of crucial importance in
multicellular organisms for the maintenance of physiological functions. Accordingly, changes …