The existence of mantle plumes was first proposed in the 1970s to explain intra-plate,
hotspot volcanism, yet owing to difficulties in resolving mantle upwellings with geophysical …

Mantle plumes originate at depths near the core− mantle boundary (~ 2,800 km). As such,
they provide invaluable information about the composition of the deep mantle and insight …

The origins of ultralow velocity zones, small-scale structures with extremely low seismic
velocities found near the core–mantle boundary, remain poorly understood. One hypothesis …

Highly siderophile elements (HSEs; namely Ru, Rh, Pd, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, and Au) in Earth's
mantle require the addition of metals after the formation of Earth's core. Early, large …

Abstract Knowledge of the interior structure and atmosphere of Mars is essential to
understanding how the planet has formed and evolved. A major obstacle to investigations of …

Thermal interactions between Earth's core and mantle provide the power that maintains the
geomagnetic field. However, the effect of these interactions and, in particular, the …

Based on SEMUCB‐WM1 tomographic model, validated by other recent models, and fluid
mechanics constraints, we show that the large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) …

The isotopic characteristics of ocean island basalts have long been used to infer the nature
of their source and the long-term evolution of the Earth's mantle. Anticorrelation between …

The radiogenic isotope heterogeneity of oceanic basalts is often assessed using 2D isotope
ratio diagrams. But because the underlying data are at least six dimensional (87Sr/86Sr …

Abstract Knowledge of carbonate compounds under high pressure inside Earth is key to
understanding the internal structure of the Earth, the deep carbon cycle and major …