The effects of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, particularly among
those with chronic kidney disease (CKD), who commonly have defects in humoral and …

Infection is the second leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Adequate humoral (antibody) and cellular (T cell-driven) immunity are required to minimize …

The kidneys and heart share functions with the common goal of maintaining homeostasis.
When kidney injury occurs, many compounds, the so-called “uremic retention solutes” or …

Chronic kidney disease can progress to end-stage chronic renal disease (ESRD), which
requires the use of replacement therapy (dialysis or kidney transplant) in life-threatening …

Objectives A meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted on kidney-related
outcomes of three recent pandemics: SARS, MERS, and COVID-19, which were associated …

Apical periodontitis is an oral common inflammatory disease initiated by infection of pulp
chamber and is characterized by destruction and resorption of the periapical bone. As a …

COVID-19 has shaken the world and intensive care units (ICU) have been challenged by
numerous patients suffering from a previously unknown disease. Leptin is a polypeptide …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) constitutes a major health problem and one of the leading
causes of death worldwide. Patients with CKD have impaired immune functions that …

Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes with an important role in the innate immune
response. Canonical activation of inflammasomes results in caspase-1 activation and …

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly prevalent disease that affects
approximately 10–12% of the global population. Therefore, it is considered a public health …