Cytokines, signaling proteins produced by a variety of cell types, are essential for the
development and functioning of both innate and adaptive immune response. Cytokine gene …

The cytokine TNF is a critical mediator of immune and inflammatory responses. The TNF
gene is an immediate early gene, rapidly transcribed in a variety of cell types following …

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) was originally described as a circulating factor that can induce
haemorrhagic necrosis of tumours. It is now clear that TNF has many different functions in …

The in vitro study of TNF promoter polymorphism (SNP) function was stimulated by the
numerous case–control (association) studies of the polymorphisms in relation to human …

In 1999, Genes and Immunity published a systematic review and on-line database of
cytokine gene polymorphism in human disease, 1 and in 2001 a supplement to the review …

Abstract Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, is a paracrine inhibitor of melanocytes, which plays
a critical role in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases including vitiligo, as …

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the genes coding for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–α
and interleukin (IL)–10 have been associated with several infectious diseases. To determine …

Background Breast cancer predisposition genes identified to date (eg, BRCA1 and BRCA2)
are responsible for less than 5% of all breast cancer cases. Many studies have shown that …

Background Recently, much attention has been devoted to the possible alterations of the
immune system in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Therefore, the aim of this paper …

Objectives. We aimed to test whether polymorphisms in the etanercept target genes TNFA
and LTA are associated with clinical responses to etanercept therapy in RA patients …