Abstract The United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) has always been a
forerunner in drug evaluation and supervision. Over the past 31 years, 1050 drugs …

Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous disease that develops via stepwise accumulation of
well-characterized genetic and epigenetic alterations. We review the genetic changes …

Aging gradually decreases cellular biological functions and increases the risk of age-related
diseases. Cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and neurological …

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has become one of the most commonly used drugs, given its
role as an analgesic, antipyretic and agent for cardiovascular prophylaxis. Several decades …

Chronic inflammation is a known risk factor for gastrointestinal cancer. The evidence that
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs suppress the incidence, growth, and metastasis of …

Chronic inflammation underlies various debilitating disorders including autoimmune,
neurodegenerative, vascular and metabolic diseases as well as cancer, where aberrant …

The connection between inflammation and tumorigenesis is well-established and in the last
decade has received a great deal of supporting evidence from genetic, pharmacological …

Abstract Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) is a bioactive lipid that elicits a wide range of biological
effects associated with inflammation and cancer. PGE 2 exerts diverse effects on cell …

The group IV phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2) family is comprised of six intracellular enzymes
(GIVA,-B,-C,-D,-E, and-F) commonly referred to as cytosolic PLA 2 (cPLA 2) α,-β,-γ,-δ,-ε, and …

The intestinal epithelium is a multicellular interface in close proximity to a dense microbial
milieu that is completely renewed every 3–5 days. Pluripotent stem cells reside at the crypt …