Activated B cells participate in either extrafollicular (EF) or germinal center (GC) responses.
Canonical responses are composed of a short wave of plasmablasts (PBs) arising from EF …

Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), formerly known as Henoch-Schönlein purpura, is the
most common systemic vasculitis in children, characterized by diverse clinical …

Neutrophils use immunoglobulins to clear antigen, but their role in immunoglobulin
production is unknown. Here we identified neutrophils around the marginal zone (MZ) of the …

During our life, we are surrounded by continuous threats from a diverse range of invading
pathogens. Our immune system has evolved multiple mechanisms to efficiently deal with …

This paper resulted from a conference entitled “Lactation and Milk: Defining and refining the
critical questions” held at the University of Colorado School of Medicine from January 18 …

The epithelial surfaces of the mammalian intestine interface directly with the external
environment and thus continuously encounter pathogenic bacteria, fungi, viruses, and …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is associated with dysregulation and
dysfunction involving all major lymphocyte populations, including B cells. Such perturbations …

The intestinal immune system maintains a delicate balance between immunogenicity
against invading pathogens and tolerance of the commensal microbiota. Inflammatory bowel …

Although B cells play important roles in the humoral immune response and the regulation of
adaptive immunity, B cell subpopulations with unique phenotypes, particularly those with …

Most antibodies produced in the body are of the IgA class. The dominant cell population
producing them are plasma cells within the lamina propria of the gastrointestinal tract, but …