Dosidicus gigas (jumbo or Humboldt squid) is a semelparous, major predator of the eastern
Pacific that is ecologically and commercially important. In the Gulf of California, these …

Body size latitudinal clines have been widley explained by the Bergmann's rule in
homeothermic vertebrates. However, there is no general consensus in poikilotherms …

Globally, birds have been shown to respond to climate change by shifting their elevational
distributions. This phenomenon is especially prevalent in the tropics, where elevational …

Urbanization involves a cocktail of human‐induced rapid environmental changes and is
forecasted to gain further importance. Urban‐heat‐island effects result in increased …

Body size and shape fundamentally determine organismal energy requirements by
modulating heat and mass exchange with the environment and the costs of locomotion …

Body size of many animals varies with latitude: body size is either larger at higher latitudes
(Bergmann's rule) or smaller at higher latitudes (converse Bergmann's rule). However, the …

Functional traits have been fundamental to the evolution and diversification of entire fish
lineages on coral reefs. Yet their relationship with the processes promoting speciation …

Studies of Bergmann's rule may encompass a non-random subsample of extant
homeotherms. We examined patterns of correlation between skull length and geographical …

Although Bergmann's rule–stating that among closely related species, the bigger ones will
inhabit the colder climates/higher latitudes–was formulated for inter‐specific comparisons …

Large carnivores play critical roles in terrestrial ecosystems but have suffered dramatic
range contractions over the past two centuries. Developing an accurate understanding of …