Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is currently managed in the intensive care unit with a
combined medical–surgical approach. Treatment aims to prevent additional brain damage …

Neurocritical care depends, in part, on careful patient monitoring but as yet there are little
data on what processes are the most important to monitor, how these should be monitored …

The acute and long-term consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) have received
increased attention in recent years. In this Review, we discuss the neuropathology and …

Through much of the history of metabolism, lactate (La−) has been considered merely a
dead-end waste product during periods of dysoxia. Congruently, the end product of …

Intracranial pressure monitoring (ICP) is based on the doctrine proposed by Monroe and
Kellie centuries ago. With the advancement of technology and science, various invasive and …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socioeconomic problem that affects all
societies. In recent years, patterns of injury have been changing, with more injuries …

The knowledge of the pathophysiology after traumatic head injury is necessary for adequate
and patient-oriented treatment. As the primary insult, which represents the direct mechanical …

Concussion (or mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI) is a biomechanically induced neurological
injury, resulting in an alteration of mental status, such as confusion or amnesia, which may …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes secondary biochemical changes that contribute to
subsequent tissue damage and associated neuronal cell death. Neuroprotective treatments …

Concussion (mild traumatic brain injury [TBI]), particularly with organized sports, has come to
the forefront of popular culture. Affecting about 1.6 million to 3.8 million athletes a year, its …