Study objective A place for clonidine has been suggested for many indications in
perioperative medicine. The aim of this systematic review and these meta-analyses is to …

Purpose Endotracheal intubation is the gold standard for securing the airway before surgery.
Nevertheless, this procedure can produce an activation of the sympathetic nervous system …

Methods: Seventy-five patients (American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status I),
aged 20–50 years were allocated into one of three groups: 2 μg/kg IV fentanyl, 800 mg oral …

Results HR and MAP were significantly reduced in the intervention groups (clonidine and
gabapentin) compared to the control group. There was a statistically significant reduction in …

Background: Pressor response is a part of stress response caused by reflex sympathetic
discharge due to direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation resulting in tachycardia …

Background and aims Direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation act as powerful
noxious stimuli causing stimulation of sympathetic nervous system. Hence the present study …

Background: The preemptive analgesia for knee arthroscopic repair may reduce the
postoperative pain without affecting the mobility of patients. The present study was designed …

Background: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation increase blood pressure (BP) and heart
rate (HR). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of gabapentin given …

Introduction: Hemodynamic changes during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation must be
reduced for safe and effective anesthesia. The present study was conducted to compare the …

Premedication is also essential to provide amnesia, prevent physiologic stress, produce
vagolysis, reduce total anaesthetic requirements, decrease probability of aspiration …