CRISPR-Cas is an RNA-mediated adaptive immune system that defends bacteria and
archaea against mobile genetic elements. Short mature CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) are key …

RcsB, a response regulator of the FixJ/NarL family, is at the center of a complex network of
regulatory inputs and outputs. Cell surface stress is sensed by an outer membrane …

Bacterial genomes evolve through mutations, rearrangements or horizontal gene transfer.
Besides the core genes encoding essential metabolic functions, bacterial genomes also …

Escherichia coli is a predominant species among facultative anaerobic bacteria of the
gastrointestinal tract. Both its frequent community lifestyle and the availability of a wide array …

The σS (or RpoS) subunit of RNA polymerase is the master regulator of the general stress
response in Escherichia coli. While nearly absent in rapidly growing cells, σS is strongly …

Bacterial chromosomes are confined in submicrometer-sized nucleoids. Chromosome
organization is facilitated by nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs), but the mechanisms of …

Antibiotics such as erythromycin and rifampicin, at low concentrations, alter global bacterial
transcription patterns as measured by the stimulation or inhibition of a variety of promoter …

Bacteria use small signal molecules in order to monitor their population density and
coordinate gene regulation in a process called quorum sensing. In Gram-negative bacteria …

The formation of biofilm results in a major lifestyle switch that is thought to affect the
expression of multiple genes and operons. We used DNA arrays to study the global effect of …

Histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (H-NS) is a modular protein that is associated with
the bacterial nucleoid. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation to determine the binding …