Introduction Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease caused by various factors. Recently,
the role of the gut microbiota in the development of obesity and its complications has …

Context Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the leading cause of chronic
liver disease worldwide. To date, no confirmed medication is available for the treatment of …

Background: Despite the availability of various classes of antihypertensive medications, a
large proportion of hypertensive individuals remain resistant to treatments. The reason for …

The human gut microbiota environment is constantly changing and some specific changes
influence the host's metabolic, immune, and neuroendocrine functions. Emerging evidence …

Body sodium (Na) levels must be maintained within a narrow range for the correct
functioning of the organism (Na homeostasis). Na disorders include not only elevated levels …

Blood pressure variability is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease. Defecation
status has also been associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. This …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the major public health concern worldwide. Over
the last two decades, a considerable amount of literature has been published on gut …

Arterial hypertension is a chronic disease which is very prevalent contemporarily. The aim of
this review was to investigate the impact of gut microbiota on the development and potential …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In
addition to traditional risk factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and …

Blood pressure variability has recently gained increased attention as an independent risk
factor for adverse cardiovascular events and hypertensive target organ damage, including …