Even if measuring the outcome of binary classifications is a pivotal task in machine learning
and statistics, no consensus has been reached yet about which statistical rate to employ to …

Kappa coefficients are commonly used for quantifying reliability on a categorical scale,
whereas correlation coefficients are commonly applied to assess reliability on an interval …

Background Standardized reporting of intraoperative adverse events is important to
enhance transparency. To the best of our knowledge, there is no validated definition and …

Economic growth is often based on the intensification of crop production, energy
consumption and urbanization. In many cases, this leads to the degradation of aquatic …

The κ coefficient is a popular descriptive statistic for summarizing an agreement table. It is
sometimes desirable to combine some of the categories, for example, when categories are …

Cohen's kappa and weighted kappa are two standard tools for describing the degree of
agreement between two observers on a categorical scale. For agreement tables with three …

The purpose was to evaluate the interexaminer reliability of experienced and inexperienced
examiners on location and classification of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in two …

The quadratically weighted kappa is the most commonly used weighted kappa statistic for
summarizing interrater agreement on an ordinal scale. The paper presents several …

Abstract Automated Essay Scoring (AES) tools aim to improve the efficiency and consistency
of essay scoring by using machine learning algorithms. In the existing research work on this …

An n× n agreement table F= f ij with n≥ 3 ordered categories can for fixed m (2≤ m≤ n− 1)
be collapsed into n-1 m-1 distinct m× m tables by combining adjacent categories. It is shown …